In today's pursuit of high-quality life, air quality has increasingly become a matter of great concern for people. Among the myriad of air purification solutions, HEPA Filters, as the stars in the field, have emerged as the top choice for numerous households and businesses due to their exceptional filtration performance. But how exactly do HEPA filters work? This article will provide you with a detailed breakdown.
The working principle of HEPA filters primarily encompasses the following key steps:
Firstly, HEPA Filters draw air from the external environment into their interiors through their intake vents. This step serves as the starting point of the air purification process, laying the foundation for subsequent steps.
Once the air enters the filter, the filtration layer of the HEPA Filter begins to exert its powerful capturing function. This is largely thanks to the ultrafine glass fiber membrane in the filtration layer, which forms tiny pores that effectively block the passage of most micro-particles. Larger particles are directly obstructed by the fibrous network structure. For medium to large particles, HEPA filters primarily capture them through the "interception" effect. When particles come into contact with the fibers, due to the fibers' diameters being much smaller than the particles' diameters, the particles undergo multiple collisions and are ultimately captured by the fibers. Additionally, when the airflow velocity changes, particles with a certain mass cannot follow the airflow curve due to inertia, and this "inertial deposition" effect also aids in particle capture.
For particles with diameters smaller than the fiber pores, HEPA Filters utilize the diffusion effect. When particles collide with gas molecules, due to the higher collision frequency between particles and gas molecules than between particles themselves, the particles tend to follow the oscillating motion of the gas, thereby colliding with the fibers and being captured.
Over time, captured particles gradually deposit on the filtration layer, forming a particle layer. This particle layer further enhances the filtration effect, aiding in the filtration of even more micro-particles.
After undergoing the aforementioned filtration process, the number of particles in the air has been greatly reduced. At this point, the purified air is outputted through the filter's outlet vents, providing people with a fresher air environment.
However, it's worth noting that although HEPA Filters are highly efficient in filtering micro-particles, as time goes on, more and more particles will adhere to the fibers, thereby increasing the resistance to airflow. Therefore, to ensure the filtration efficiency and performance of HEPA filters, they need to be replaced regularly.
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