Air purifiers work by removing contaminants from indoor air to improve its quality. Here's a brief overview of how they function:

1.Mechanical Filtration: 

The core of most air purifiers is a series of filters. These filters, especially the HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter, trap and remove particles like dust, pollen, mold spores, pet dander, and even some bacteria and viruses. The filters are designed to capture particles of various sizes, ensuring a thorough cleaning of the air.

2.Electrostatic Precipitation:

Some air purifiers use electrostatic charging to attract and trap particles. As air passes through the purifier, particles are given an electrostatic charge and are then attracted to oppositely charged collector plates, effectively removing them from the air.

3.Activated Carbon Filtration: 

Activated carbon filters are excellent at adsorbing gases, odors, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The porous structure of activated carbon allows it to trap these contaminants, significantly reducing their presence in the air.

4.Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI): 

Some advanced air purifiers include UV lights that emit ultraviolet radiation. This radiation is effective against bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, killing or inactivating them as they pass through the UV light chamber.

5.Ozone Generation (in Some Models, but with Caveats): 

While not all air purifiers use ozone, some models generate small amounts of ozone to further sanitize the air. However, it's crucial to note that excessive ozone can be harmful to humans and is not recommended for continuous use in occupied spaces.

6.Air Circulation: 

Air purifiers typically include a fan or blower that circulates the air in the room through the filters and other purification stages. This ensures that the air in the entire room, not just a small area, is being cleaned.

7.Smart Features and Controls: 

Modern air purifiers often come with smart features like sensors that detect air quality and automatically adjust fan speed or purification modes accordingly. Some models can even be controlled via smartphones or voice assistants, providing convenience and ease of use.

It's important to note that the effectiveness of an air purifier depends on its design, the type and number of filters used, the size of the room it's intended for, and the specific contaminants being targeted. Regular maintenance, such as replacing filters as recommended by the manufacturer, is also crucial to ensure optimal performance.